隨(sui)著高精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)需(xu)(xu)求的增加(jia),相關的精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)技術也(ye)隨(sui)之快速發展(zhan),其中精(jing)密(mi)激(ji)光切(qie)割機在市場上也(ye)獲得了越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的認可。以薄板為主的精(jing)密(mi)激(ji)光切(qie)割機加(jia)工(gong)技術,加(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度高、速度快、切(qie)口光滑平整,一般無需(xu)(xu)后續(xu)加(jia)工(gong);切(qie)割熱影響(xiang)區小(xiao),板材(cai)變(bian)形小(xiao);加(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度高、重復性好,不損傷材(cai)料表面。目前精(jing)密(mi)加(jia)工(gong)的應(ying)用行(xing)業(ye)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多,PCB板切(qie)割、微電子線路模(mo)板精(jing)密(mi)切(qie)割、眼鏡行(xing)業(ye)、首飾行(xing)業(ye)。
激光精密加工(gong)有(you)如下顯著特點(dian):
(1)范圍廣泛:激光精密加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的對象范圍很(hen)寬(kuan),包括幾乎所(suo)有的金(jin)屬(shu)材料(liao)(liao)和(he)非(fei)金(jin)屬(shu)材料(liao)(liao);適于(yu)材料(liao)(liao)的燒結、打孔、打標、切割、焊接、表面改性和(he)化(hua)學(xue)氣相沉積等。而(er)電(dian)解加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)只(zhi)能加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)導電(dian)材料(liao)(liao),光化(hua)學(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)只(zhi)適用于(yu)易腐蝕材料(liao)(liao),等離(li)子加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)難以加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)某(mou)些(xie)高熔點的材料(liao)(liao)。
(2)精(jing)確細致:激(ji)光束可(ke)以聚焦到很小的(de)尺寸,因而特(te)別適合于(yu)精(jing)密加工(gong)(gong)(gong)。激(ji)光精(jing)密加工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量的(de)影響因素少(shao),加工(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度高,在一般(ban)情況下均優于(yu)其它傳統的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法。
(3)高(gao)速快捷:從加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期(qi)來看,電火花加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)電極(ji)精度(du)要(yao)求高(gao)、損耗大,加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期(qi)較長(chang);電解加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)型腔、型面(mian)的(de)陰極(ji)模(mo)設計工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作量大,制造周(zhou)期(qi)亦很長(chang);光(guang)化學加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序復(fu)雜;而(er)激光(guang)精密加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操作簡單,切縫寬度(du)方便調控,可立(li)即(ji)根據電腦輸出的(de)圖樣進行高(gao)速雕(diao)刻和切割、加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)速度(du)快,加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期(qi)比其它方法均(jun)要(yao)短。
(4)安全可靠(kao):激光精(jing)密加工(gong)屬于非接觸(chu)加工(gong),不(bu)會(hui)對(dui)材料造成機械擠壓或機械應(ying)力;相對(dui)于電(dian)火花加工(gong)、等離子(zi)弧加工(gong),其熱影(ying)響區和變(bian)形(xing)很小,因而能加工(gong)十分(fen)微(wei)小的(de)零部(bu)件。
(5)成本低廉:不(bu)受加(jia)工(gong)(gong)數量的(de)(de)限制(zhi),對于小批(pi)量加(jia)工(gong)(gong)服(fu)務,激光加(jia)工(gong)(gong)更(geng)加(jia)便宜。對于大(da)件(jian)產品(pin)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong),大(da)件(jian)產品(pin)的(de)(de)模具(ju)制(zhi)造費用很高,激光加(jia)工(gong)(gong)不(bu)需任(ren)何模具(ju)制(zhi)造,而且激光加(jia)工(gong)(gong)完全(quan)避免(mian)材料沖剪時形成的(de)(de)塌邊(bian),可以(yi)大(da)幅度地降(jiang)低企業的(de)(de)生產成本提高產品(pin)的(de)(de)檔(dang)次。
(6)切(qie)割縫(feng)細小(xiao):激光切(qie)割的割縫(feng)一般(ban)在0.1-0.2mm。
(7)切(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)面光滑:激(ji)光切(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)的(de)切(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)面無毛刺(ci)。
(8)熱變(bian)(bian)形(xing)小(xiao):激光(guang)(guang)加工的激光(guang)(guang)割縫(feng)細、速度快、能量集中(zhong),因此傳(chuan)到被切割材(cai)料上的熱量小(xiao),引(yin)起材(cai)料的變(bian)(bian)形(xing)也非常小(xiao)。
(9)節省材(cai)料(liao):激光(guang)加工采用電腦編程,可以(yi)把不同形狀的產品(pin)進(jin)行材(cai)料(liao)的套(tao)裁,最(zui)大(da)限度地提(ti)高(gao)材(cai)料(liao)的利用率(lv),大(da)大(da)降低了(le)企業材(cai)料(liao)成(cheng)本。
(10)非常適合新(xin)產品(pin)的開發:一旦產品(pin)圖紙(zhi)形成后,馬上(shang)可(ke)以進行激光加工,你可(ke)以在(zai)最短(duan)的時間內得到(dao)新(xin)產品(pin)的實物。
總的來說,激光精密加工技術比傳統加工方法有許多優越性,其應用前景十分廣(guang)闊(kuo)。